Microbiology is the branch of biology that studies microorganisms, with particular attention to their physical-chemical properties, their classification and the interaction they have with each other and the environment.
Bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa can be cultivated; They use of culture media, special mixtures of different substances able to make the necessary nutrition to the colonies of microorganisms in growth. While bacteria and fungi grow on soils relatively simple, such as broths or jellies, viruses require cell cultures, plates containing human or animal cells capable of providing apparatuses replicative and energy of which viruses need. These soils are very important because, according to your preference “food” of some bacteria, are unable to recognize the kind and sometimes the species to which they belong. An example is the ability that they have some bacteria to grow in soils enriched with bile (Enterobacteriaceae), with salt (Staphylococcus) or tellurite (Corynebacterium).
Popular searches in microbiology concern pathogens such as E. coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactie, Candida albicans, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealiticum, Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, etc. These pathogens, according to their natural habitat, can be searched in various types of samples such as urine, feces, blood, rhino-pharyngeal swab, vaginal swab, ear, eye pad.
